Loom for weaving fulled-valance hammocks.



v I. E. PALMER.

LOOM FOR. WEAVING FULLED VALANGB HAMMOOKS.

PPPP IQA'IION FILED MAY 3. 1911. 1,057,085. Patented Man25, 1913.

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witness as %4) I I Isaae .E.Palmer I. E. PALMER.

LOOM FOR WBAVING FULLBD VALANOE HAMMOOKS. APPLIOATION FILED MAY 3, 1911.

1,057,085. Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Invjentor l'aaq E. Palm a I. E. PALMER. LOOM FOR WEAVING FULLBD VALANGE HAMMOGKS. APPLICATION FILED MAY s, 1911.

1,057,085. Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

5 SHEETSSEEET 4.

wi'bvesses Intuit tor Isaac E- Palmer M a. j w g I W I whzam I j t 31 I. E. PALMER. LOOM FOR WEAVING FULLBD VALANGE HAMMOGKS. APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1911.

1,057,085. Patented Mar.25,1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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ISAAC E. PALMER, 0F MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTICUT.

LOOM FOR WEAVING FULLED-VALANCE HAMMOCKS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Isaac E. PALMER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Middletown, in the county of Middlesex and State of Connecticut, have invented an Im rovement in Looms for eaving Fulled- Va ance Hammocks, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to looms for weaving fulled valance hammocks.

In order that the principle of the invention may readily be understood, I have disclosed in the accompanying drawing one embodiment of means for carrying out my invention.

Hammocks have heretofore been woven with integral valances, but in all cases, so far as I am aware, in which the. valances have been integrally woven with the hammock, the valances have not been fulled. F ulled valances have been woven as distinct and separate articles of-manufacture and have been thereafter sewed to the hammock body. It has long been sought to weave a hammock having integral therewith fulled valances, as fulled valances add materially to the appearance and value of the hammock and if woven integrally therewith would materially lessen the cost. I myself proposed some years ago to weave fulled valances integrally with the hammock, but have not been able to produce such an article until I conceived and completed the present invention.

Referring to the drawings :Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section of suflicient parts of a loom to disclose my invention; Fig. 2 is a front end elevation of a portion of the loom shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a plan View of a portion of the breast beam and one of the take-up temples shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a detail hereafter to be referred to; Fig. 5

ess; Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 2 of said modified form of loom; Fig. '7' is a plan view of a portion of the breast beam of a loom having one form of myinvention ap- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 3, 1911.

is a View similar to Fig. l of a modi fied form of loom for carrying out my proc- Patented Mar. 25, 1913. Serial No. 624,682.

grammatic views illustrating respectively the manner in which I practice my invention and the manner in whichI previously endeavored to practice the same; Fig. 12 is a side elevation of a portion of a fulled hammock valance; Fig. 13is a longitudinal section taken through a portion of a fulled hammock valance; and Fig. 14: is a diagrammatic view representing a portion of a hammock body and the fulled valance and fringe integral therewith.

Referring more particularly to the drawings and first to the form of loom shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, the frame thereof is represented at 1, the breast beam at 2, the lay at 3 and its reed at 4. These parts may be and preferably are constructed as usual. The cloth roll is represented at 5 and the take-up roll at 6 and an intermediate guide roll at 7. These rolls are mounted as usual in the frame of the loom and driven in any suitable manner. The said rolls need not differ from rolls heretofore employed for this purpose,- excepting in that they are provided with enlarged ends 5', 6 and 7'. Cloth and take-up rolls provided with enlarged ends are not in'themselves new, having heretofore been employed for the pur pose of taking up warp threads fed at a higher rate than the body warp-threads.

In order to provide fulled valances integral with the hammock I feed the warp threads that are to enter into said valances from the warp beam or from supplemental beams at a higher rate of speed than I feed the body warp threads. This has heretofore been proposed, and it is therefore unnecessary to illustrate the same. Heretofore so far as I am aware in those cases where the edge warps of a fabric have been fed at a 1 higher rate of speed than the body warps, it

has simply been proposed to take up the entire mass of warp threads with the inter- .w'oven weft threads upon a take-up roll mounted in the usual position, which is substantially that indicated in Figs. 1 and 2. Such take-up and cloth rolls are positioned at points substantially remote from the fell of the cloth, and as will hereinafter be more fully set forth all attempts to take up in the usual manner a-fabric having edge warps fed at a higher rate than the body .warp s have resulted in a distorted fabric, or the fabric has been ruptured or damaged along the line of proposed union of the body and edge warps. This is owing to the fact that the Weft threads after having been woven into the cloth are not delivered past the breast beam and on to the take-up and cloth rolls 'in planes or lines parallel to the fell of the cloth or more strictly speaking parallel to a plane passing through the fell of the cloth and normal to the cloth. In other words, the edge warps and the portion of the weft threads interwoven therewith are taken up so much in advance of the adjacent warp threads and their portion of the weft threads, that the entire fabric is drawn askew and distorted, and the warp and weft threads of the body no longer maintain a position normal to each other.

In accordance with my invention, I provide means for preserving substantial parallelism of each weft throughout the body and the valances with a plane normal to the cloth at its fell. Said means compels an enforced control and immediate deflection of the valance portions as they are formed, from the plane of the body, said deflection being preferably progressively greater from the edges of the body portion of the hammock to the outer edges of the valances. Inasmuch as the said means deflects the valances immediately upon weaving thereof from the plane of the body of the hammock, it will be apparent that the said deflection is substituted for a divergence of the weft threads entering into the valances, from the fell. In other words, in my previous attempts to produce a hammock having integral fulled valances I have attempted to take up those portions of the weft threads which entered into the valances by producing a divergence of them away from the breast beam and toward the cloth roll, while maintaining said portions of the weft threads in the plane of the body. This inevitably resulted in a distorted fabric,that is, one wherein the warp and weft threads could no longer be maintained in their normal position with respect to each other, and in fact it has been substantially impossible to produce even a distorted fabric, owing to the tendency of the fabric to rupture along the proposed line of union of the edge of the body fabric and the inner edge of the proposed integral valance.

- The means by which the valance as woven may be immediately deflected from the general plane of the body of the fabric may, of course, be varied. In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, I have indicated what, for convenience, I term take-up temples. These comprise castings, one of which I preferably secure to the upper face of the breast beam and another to the outer face thereof. As clearly shown, each take-up device comprises a casting 8 having upright ends 9 and 10 tapped for i the passage of screws 11-11, by which is secured in position a block 12 beveled upon its exposed sides outwardly toward the outer edge of the valance upon which it acts. Instead of a block I may, of course, substitute a tapered roll. Each casting is secured to the breast beam by bolts or screws 13 passing through slots 1 1 in said castings. If desired, I may provide a substantially U- shaped guide rod 15 having its ends secured as shown in the upright portion 10 of the casting, the cloth as woven passing under 'that portion of the guide rod which is adpart embraced between the inner edges of the valances, passes onto the level portion of the breast beam, while the valances are at once deflected upwardly from the plane of the body part, so as to take up the fulled portions. This outward deflection prevents those portions of the weft threads which have been incorporated in the valances from being drawn by the take-up and cloth rolls into advance of the remaining portion of said weft threads; that is, the portion which is incorporated with the body of the hammock. In other words, each weft thread is maintained throughout its entirety in substantial parallelism with a plane passing through the fell of the cloth normal thereto. This deflection of the valance as woven is continued by the second take-up temple illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, and the roll 7 with enlarged ends is placed sufliciently near the second take-up temple to prevent the distortion to which I have referred. Preferably, however, I interpose between the takeup temples and the roll 7 or between the second take-up temple and the take-up and cloth rolls, suit-able devices to continue action of the take-up temples.

In Figs. 5 and 6, I have shown a slightly modified form of my invention wherein upon the breast beam itself are mounted one or more take-up rolls. Preferably in this construction I employ a single pair of takeup temples, one of which is indicated at 17 and in conjunction therewith employ take-up rolls 19, 20, the roll 19 having an enlarged or beveled end 19 and the roll 20 having an end of correspondingly reduced diameter, so that contact throughout their entire extent may be had between the rolls 19, 20. Preferably the roll 20 is a sand roll. These rolls may be driven in any suitable manner, as, for example, by a sprocket chain 21 from the usual take-up driving mechanism 22, the said sprocket chain 21 engaging a sprocket gear 28 upon the shaft of the take-up roll 19, the take-up roll 20 being frictionally driven from the roll 19. In the operation of the form of the invention shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the integral valances are deflected from the body of the hammock as woven and after being so taken up the product may be dis chargedfrom the second take-up roll 20 into a convenient receptacle 25 upon the floor beneath the breast beam, it being noted that the fulled valances pass first over the temple take-ups 17 and thence about the rolls 19 and 20. i

In the production of a fulled valance hammock, I preferably fashion a fringe also integral with the body. This I preferably accomplish by providing at the outer edge of each valance portion of the hammock a wire 26 (see Fig. 3), said wire extending as shown in Fig. 1 through a suitable dent of the reed 4, beyond which it is suitably connected to a cord 27 of the jacquard as inclicated. The wire 26 may be held in position by being looped about a bracket 27 secured as indicated in Fig. 3 to the frame of the take-up temple positioned upon the upper face of the breast beam. The weft threads as laid by the shuttle pass alternately under and over the said wires 26 ateach edge of the fabric, thus forming looped fringes. Preferably these loops are severed during the progress of the weaving and to that end I provide knives 28 positioned between the members of each wire 26 and outwardly inclined as indicated to sever the looped fringes as the same are drawn past the knives.

It not infrequently is desirable to change the production of the loom from a hammock having-integral fulled valances to hammock bodies without valanoes, or fabrics. Therefore, I may interrupt weaving (5f the valances. This may readily be effected by severing the valance warp threads between the reed and the fell of the cloth and securing said severed threads in suitable manner to the lay, so that in the progress of the weaving they may be loosely carried back and forth by the lay. In Fig. 4, I have indicated a few of such severed warp threads at 29, said threads being preferably grouped into a series of bunches and passed under a rod 30 secured to the lay in advance of the breast beam and then passed to a rod 31, to which they may be loosely knotted. WVhen it is again desired to weave valance hammocks, the severed threads may be readily incorporated into the fabric and the weaving continued.

In Figs. 7, 8 and 9, I have shown another slightly modified form of the invention. Therein the take-up temples are mounted upon the breast beam of the loom. In Fig. 7, I have shown two take-up temple blocks 32, 32 of the same diameter. In Fig. 8, I have shown take-up temple blocks 32, 33, of which the latter is the larger. In this form of the invention I may omit the surrounding rod 15, shown in Fig. 2 and elsewhere. The cloth passes from the temple blocks 32, 33 to the take-up roll 34, and thence bet-ween it and the guide rod 35 to the cloth roll 36. The take-up and guide rolls driven by gear 37 from a pinion 38 upon stud 39 forming a part of the ordinary takeup mechanism. The cloth roll 36 may be driven by a sprocket chain directly or otherwise from the shaft of the take-up roll 34.

In order to sever the weft threads to form cut fringes, I provide a wire 40, shown in Figs. 7 and 8 as passing about a projection 11 of a block or casting 42 secured to the breast beam of the loom. The said wire 410 is suitably secured at its end to the loom frame and the reed of the loom is suitably cut away to accommodate said wire. Be-

F tween the members of the wire 40 and upon I the projection 41 is pivoted a blade 43 havmg an arm 44 adapted to be struck by the lay of the loom, thereby to move the blade 43 inward to sever the weft thread 44. A spring 1 1" returns the blade 15 after the severing action.

In order to hold the preliminary bunches of warps at the commencement of the weaving operation, I provide an angle bar 45,

shown in Fig. 7, extending along and secured to the upper face of the breast beam .of the loom and secure thereto hooks 16 in which I insert a rod, upon which the bunched ends of the warp may be placed.

'Preferably two hooks 46 are employed at substantially the lines of union of the body j warp threads and the valance warp threads. to plllow I In Figs. 10 and 11, I have diagrammatically indicated the manner in which I weave a hammock having integral therewith a fulled valance. I have contrasted therewith a diagrammatic illustration of an utterly im- ='practicable scheme heretofore suggested by me for weaving a hammock with integral fulled valance. As represented. in Fig. 10,

Tthe weft threads 47 are continued into the 'valance at 48 and immediately after each f weft is beaten up at the fell of the cloth, it is deflected from the plane of the surface of the body fabric to preserve the described {parallelism of the weft threads with said fell of the cloth. ance portions of the fabric, the take-up 3 lines of strain of the valance are either par- In so deflecting the valall'el with the warp threads or are so nearly parallel therewith as indicated, that said lines of strain do not enter the body portions of the fabric nor distort the same. In the case of the construction shown in Fig. 11,

e as to distort the same in the taking up there are tapered as indicated, the former being which in actual practice hang irregularly beof. In other words, not only would the portions of the weft threads which enter into the valances be taken up more rapidly, but this strain of advanced take-up does not terminate at the line of union of the body and the valances, and consequently portions of the weft threads which are in the body but adjacent the valances are drawn ahead of the remaining or central portions of the weft threads in the body, and hence the whole fabric is drawn askew at and adjacent its edges.

Preferably I incorporate with the valances and substantially at the point of union of the valances with the body fabric a strengthening cord or grouped warp threads 49. This strand or group of warp threads serves to strengthen the line of union of the fulled valance and the body as well as to add to the appearance thereof.

In Fig. 12, I have illustrated in side elevation a portion of the fulled valance integrally woven with the hammock, the folds ing represented at 50 and the integral fringe at 51. In Fig. 13, I have illustrated a sec tion taken longitudinally through one of the valances and have indicated at 52 and 53 the fulled valance effect. In said figure, the warp threads are represented at 54 and the weft threads at 55.

In Fig. 14, I have indicated diagrammatically a portion of a hammock body and its integral valance and fringe. Therein the weft threads are indicated at 56 and certain of the warp threads at 57. It will be observed that the weft threads are in parallelism throughout the body portion of the fab ric, but that as they enter the valance, as represented at 58, they are slightly inclined forwardly, owing to the fact that the valance warp threads are fed from the warp .beam or supplemental warp beams at a higher rate of speed than the body warp threads. The substantial parallelism is, however, preserved. The integral fringe 1s represented at 59.

From the foregoing description, it will be evident that in accordance with my invention, I have provided means for weaving a hammock having integral therewith fulled valances. The weaving of the full valances integral with the body is rendered possible, because distortion of the warp and weft threads of the valances are prevented.

Having thus described one illustrative embodiment of my invention, I desire it to be understood that although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth in the following claims.

Claims.

1. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of materially greater transverse extent than either valance, means for feeding two side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said central series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving a series of weft threads with all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valances, and valance-slack-defiecting means adjacent each valance and co-acting therewith during the weaving of the hammock to deflect said valances from their interweaving position, said deflecting means including devices to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in approximately the same direction as their body portions, but very slightly inclined thereto, owing to the increased length of the valance warp threads over that of the body warp threads, whereby the weft threads throughout their entire length are maintained at right angles or at substantially right angles to the warp threads.

2. A loom for weaving hammocks with in tegral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of materially greater transverse extent than either valance, means for feeding two side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said central series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving a series of weft threads with all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valances, and valance-slackdeflecting means adjacent each valance and co-acting therewith during the weaving of the hammock to deflect said valances from their interweaving position, said deflecting means including devices to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in approximately the san'ie direction as their body portions but very slightlyinclined thereto, owing to the increased length of the valance warp threads over that of the body warp threads, whereby the weft threads throughout their entire length are maintained at right angles or at substantially right angles to the warp threads, and take up means cooperating to take up the entire fabric.

3. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in com bination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of materially greater transverse extent than either valance, means for feeding two side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said central series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving a series of weft threads with all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valances, and valance-slackdeflecting means adjacent the fell of the clot-h at each selvage and positioned to deflect successive portions of said valances from their interweaving position and ineluding devices to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in approximately the same direction as their body portions, but very slightly inclined thereto, owing to the increased length of the valance warp threads over that of the body warp threads, whereby the weft threads throughout their entire length are maintained at right angles or at substan tially right angles to the warp threads.

4:. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of the full width of the hammock body portion and of materially greater transverse extent than either valance, means for feeding two side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said central series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving a series of weft threads with all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valances,

and a pair of valance-slack-deflecting means carried by the breast beam of the loom and spaced apart substantially the width of said central series of Warp threads, said pair of deflecting means engaging successive portions of said valances as formed to deflect them from the interweavingposition and to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in approximately the same direction as their body portions, but very slightly inclined thereto, owing to the increased length of the valance warp threads over that of the body warp threads, whereby the weft threads throughout their entire length are maintained at right angles or at substantially right angles to the warp threads.

5. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of the full width of the hammock body portion and of mate rially greater transverse extent than either valance, means for feeding two side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said central series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving ,a series of weft threads with all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valances, and

,a weft-position-preserving member adjacent the fell of the cloth at each valance and spaced from each other substantially the full width of the central series of warp threads, to engage successive portions of said valances as formed and thereby preserving the substantial parallelism of each Weft thread throughout the body and valances with a plane normal to the. cloth at its fell.

6. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of the full width of and valance-slack-deflecting members adjacent the fell of the cloth at each valance and spaced from each other substantially the full width of the central series of warp threads, to engage successive portions of the valances as formed, thereby to compel a controlled and immediate deflection of the valance portions as formed from the plane of the body of the hammock.

7. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of the full width of the hammock body portion of materially greater transverse extent than either valance, means for feeding two side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said central series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving a series of weft threads wit-h all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valances and including 'a lay carrying a reel, and a valance-slack-drawing member adjacent the fell of the cloth at each valance and extend ing above the interweaving plane of the hammock and engaging each portion of the valance directly subsequent to its interweaving, thereby to draw the threads of the valances at the fell of the cloth outward from the plane of the body.

8. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of the full width of the hammock body portion, of materially greater transverse extent than either valance, means for feeding two side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said central series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving .with all of said warp threads a series of weft threads, each of greater length than the entire width of the body andvalances, thereby to form the hammock body, valances and side fringes, and a pair of valance-slack-deflecting means carried by. the breast beam of the loo-m and spaced apart substantially the width of sa1d central series of warp threads, said pair of deflecting means engaging successive portions of said valances as formed to deflect them from the interweaving position and to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in approximately the same direction as their body portions, but slightly inclined thereto, owing to the increased length of the valance warp threads over that of the body warp threads,

whereby the weft threads throughout their or at substantially right angles to the warp threads.

, 9. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of the full width of the hammock body portion, means for feeding two side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said central series, means for interweaving with all of said warp threads a series of weft threads of greater length than said body and valances, thereby to form the hammock body, valances and looped fringes, and a pair of valance-slack-deflectlng means carried by the breast beam of the loom and spaced apart substantially the width OIflSiLld central series of warp threads, said pair of deflecting means engaging successive portions of said valances as formed to deflect them from the interweaving" position and to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads during deflection at substantially right angles to the warp threads, whereby the weft threads, throughout substantially their entire extent, are maintained through out the weaving operation at substantially right angles to the warp threads, and means to sever said fringe loops.

10. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of the full width of the hammock body portion of materially greater transverse extent than either valance, means for feeding two side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said central series and including means for feeding the threads of said side series progressively faster from the inner toward the outer edges of said side series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving a series of weft threads with all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valances,

and a pair of valance-slack-deflecting means carried by the breast beam of the loom and spaced apart substantially the width of said central series of warp threads, said pair of deflecting means engaging successive portions of said valances as formed to deflect them from the interweaving position and to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in approximately the same direction as their body portions, but very slightly inclined thereto, owing to the increased length of the valance warp threads over that of the body warp threads, whereby the weft threads throughout their entire length are maintained at right angles or at substantially right angles to the warp threads.

11. A loom for weaving hammocks having integral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a main body series of warp threads of the full width of the hammock body portion of materially greater transverse extent than either valance, means for feeding a side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said main series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving a series of weft threads with all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valance and a valance-slack-deflecting device adjacent the fell of the cloth at said valance and co-acting with the latter during weaving of the hammock to deflect said valance from its interweaving position, said deflecting devices thereby maintaining the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in approximately the same direction as their body portions, but very slightly inclined thereto, owing to the increased length of the valance warp threads over that of the body warp threads, whereby the weft threads throughout their entire length are maintained at right angles or at substantially,

right angles to the warp threads.

12. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination means to support a central main series of warp threads of materially greater transverse extent than either valance, means to support two side series of warp threads of greater length than said central series, means for interweaving a series for the formation of said valances of weft threads with all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valances, and valance-slackdeflecting means adjacent each valance at substantially the fell of the cloth and c0- acting during the weaving of the hammock to deflect said valances from their interweaving position, said deflecting means including devices to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in approximately the same direction as their body portions, but very slightly inclined thereto, owing to the increased length of the valance warp threads over that of the body warp threads, whereby the weft threads throughout their entire length are maintained at right angles or at substantially right angles to the warp threads.

13. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of materially greater transverse extent than either valance, means for feeding two side series of warp threads at a faster rate than said central series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving a series of weft threads with all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valances, and including a lay carrying a reed, and valance slack deflecting means adjacent each valance and cooperating therewith during the weaving of the hammock to deflect said valances from their interweaving position, said deflecting means including devices to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in approximately the same direction as their body portions, but very slightly inclined thereto, owing to the' increased length of the valance warp threads over that of the body warp threads, whereby the weft threads throughout their entire length are maintained at right angles or at substantially right angles to the warp threads.

14. A loom for weaving hammocks with integral fulled valances comprising in combination, means for feeding a central main series of warp threads of materially greater transverse extent that either valance, means for feeding two side series of Warp threads at a faster rate than said central series for the formation of said valances, means for interweaving a series of weft threads with all of said warp threads to form the hammock body and valances, valance slack deflecting means adjacent each valance and c0- acting therewith during the weaving of the hammock to deflect said valances from their interweaving position, and warp guides adjacent said deflecting means, said deflecting means including devices to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in substantially the same dimock body and valances, tapered valance slack deflecting means adjacent each valance and co-acting therewith during the Weaving of the hammock to deflect said valances from their interweaving position, and a guide for the warp threads adjacent each deflecting means, the said deflecting means, including devices to maintain the deflected portions of the weft threads through the valances in approximately the same direction as their body portions, but very slightly inclined thereto.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ISAAC E. PALMER. Witnesses:

FRED. E. FOWLER, JOHN E. MARTIN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). G. 

